Insights

Research findings, theoretical analysis, and empirical observations about co-goods.

In strongly antirival systems, passive consumption becomes active contribution
empiricalhigh

Editor: pontus-karlsson2025-11-27T13:28

Implications:

  • Design systems where participation is 'a side effect of something else they're doing'
  • Make contribution effortless rather than demanding active engagement
Antirivalness is orthogonal to nonrivalness
theoreticalhigh

Editor: pontus-karlsson2025-11-27T13:26

Implications:

  • Simply making something 'open' doesn't automatically create network effects
  • System architecture determines whether sharing generates increasing returns
Collective goods require high includability, not merely non-excludability
theoreticalhigh

Editor: pontus-karlsson2025-11-27T13:30

Implications:

  • Opening access is necessary but not sufficient
  • Must design participation mechanisms, community norms, and reward structures
Nonrivalness lowers the cost of sharing; antirivalness raises the benefits of sharing
theoreticalhigh

Editor: pontus-karlsson2025-11-27T13:28

Implications:

  • Nonrival goods without antirival systems remain niche despite low sharing costs
  • Antirival systems with high sharing costs remain exclusive despite network benefits
Nonrivalness is a property of units; antirivalness is a property of systems
theoreticalhigh

Editor: pontus-karlsson2025-11-27T13:27

Implications:

  • Opening up content/designs is necessary but not sufficient for network effects
  • Must design systems that reward participation and create feedback loops